> For the complete documentation index, see [llms.txt](https://helpcenter.xopero.com/xopero-one-en/llms.txt). Markdown versions of documentation pages are available by appending `.md` to page URLs; this page is available as [Markdown](https://helpcenter.xopero.com/xopero-one-en/backup-and-recovery/workstations-and-servers/image-level-backup-recovery/granular-recovery.md).
# Granular recovery
Perform targeted granular recovery to restore individual files and folders without conducting a full system rollback.
**Granular recovery enables the restoration of individual files and folders directly from image-level backups. By mounting the disk image through an iSCSI target or as a raw file image, administrators can extract selected data without running a full system restore.**
***
## iSCSI target
The **iSCSI target** recovery option allows you to quickly create and share an iSCSI resource over TCP/IP. You can connect this resource to any device without restoring the backup copy to another location. This method facilitates granular recovery, enabling you to easily copy individual files.
{% hint style="info" %}
In the event of a system failure, the iSCSI target can also be attached as a virtual machine disk.
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The following steps describe how to restore data via an iSCSI target in the **Xopero ONE Management Service** console.
{% stepper %}
{% step %}
Open the **Devices** tab, locate the device from which you want to restore the backup, and click the **Restore** button.
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Select the backup plan from which you want to restore the data.
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Choose the timestamp from which you want to restore the data, click **Restore**, and select the **iSCSI target** recovery option from the drop-down menu.
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Select the disk you want to restore and click **Restore selected**, or select all disks by clicking **Restore all**.
{% hint style="info" %}
To modify your selection later, click **Edit** next to the **Data to restore** section to return to the selection window.
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In the **iSCSI settings** section, select the target network interface and specify the port. You can accept the default values or enter custom parameters.
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Accept the default iSCSI target name or enter a custom name.
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Select the default worker, which will host the iSCSI target.
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Verify that all entered settings are correct, then click the **Run iSCSI** button to start the iSCSI service.
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You can view the iSCSI service status in the **Tasks** tab of **Xopero ONE Management Service**.
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Once the iSCSI service is running, connect to the iSCSI target to access and restore the selected data.
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***
## Mounting the iSCSI target (Windows)
The following steps describe how to connect to an iSCSI target and initialize the disk in **Windows**.
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{% step %}
Press **Windows** key + **R** to open the **Run** dialog box, type iscsicpl.exe, and click **OK** or press **Enter** to launch the **iSCSI Initiator**.
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In the **Targets** tab, enter the IP address of the network interface from your **Xopero ONE** iSCSI configuration into the **Target** field, then click **Quick Connect**.
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The **iSCSI Initiator** automatically searches for available iSCSI targets and adds them to the **Discovered targets** list. Click **Done** to close the dialog box.
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If the setup is successful, the target status will change to **Connected**.
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Press **Windows** key + **R** to open the **Run** dialog box, type compmgmt.msc, and click **OK** or press **Enter** to launch the **Computer Management** tool. In the left pane, select **Disk Management**.
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Locate the new disk on the list, right-click it, and select **Initialize Disk**.
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Once initialized, the disk status changes to **Online** in **Disk Management**. You can now open **File Explorer** to browse and copy your selected files and folders to the destination storage.
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After the data copy is complete, disconnect the target, open the **Tasks** tab in **Xopero ONE Management Service**, click the info :circle-info: icon next to the active iSCSI task, and click **Stop iSCSI** in the bottom-right corner of the task details pane.
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***
## Mounting iSCSI target (Linux)
The following steps describe how to connect to an iSCSI target and mount the disk in **Linux**.
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{% step %}
Install the iSCSI initiator package using the following commands:
{% code overflow="wrap" %}
```bash
sudo apt update
sudo apt install open-iscsi
```
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The second command installs `open-iscsi` and creates the initiator name configuration file at `/etc/iscsi/initiatorname.iscsi`. Verify or modify this file if your target requires a specific IQN (iSCSI Qualified Name).
{% code overflow="wrap" %}
```bash
cat /etc/iscsi/initiatorname.iscsi
```
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{% step %}
Next, start and enable the service.
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```bash
sudo systemctl enable --now iscsid
sudo systemctl status iscsid
```
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{% endstep %}
{% step %}
Once the iSCSI service is running, discover available iSCSI targets by running the following command (use the IP address of the network interface from your **Xopero ONE** iSCSI configuration):
{% code overflow="wrap" %}
```bash
sudo iscsiadm -m discovery -t sendtargets -p :3260
```
{% endcode %}
Running this command returns a list of available target IQNs, for example:
{% code overflow="wrap" %}
```bash
192.168.1.50:3260,1 iqn.2023-01.com.example:storage.disk1
```
{% endcode %}
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{% step %}
Optionally, configure CHAP authentication — if the target requires authentication, configure your credentials before connecting.
{% code overflow="wrap" %}
```bash
sudo iscsiadm -m node -T -p :3260 \
--op=update -n node.session.auth.authmethod -v CHAP
sudo iscsiadm -m node -T -p :3260 \
--op=update -n node.session.auth.username -v
sudo iscsiadm -m node -T -p :3260 \
--op=update -n node.session.auth.password -v
```
{% endcode %}
{% endstep %}
{% step %}
Next, log in to the target.
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```bash
sudo iscsiadm -m node -T -p :3260 --login
```
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Verify that the new disk appears.
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You should see a new device, such as `/dev/sdb`.
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{% code overflow="wrap" %}
```bash
lsblk
sudo dmesg | tail -20
```
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Format and mount the disk using the following commands:
{% code overflow="wrap" %}
```bash
sudo mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdb
sudo mkdir -p /mnt/iscsi_disk
sudo mount /dev/sdb /mnt/iscsi_disk
```
{% endcode %}
{% endstep %}
{% step %}
Once the disk is mounted, you can browse and copy your selected files and folders to the destination storage.
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After the data copy is complete, disconnect the target, open the **Tasks** tab in **Xopero ONE Management Service**, click the info :circle-info: icon next to the active iSCSI task, and click **Stop iSCSI** in the bottom-right corner of the task details pane.
{% endstep %}
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***
## File image
The following steps describe how to restore disk backup data via file image in the **Xopero ONE Management Service** console.
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{% step %}
Open the **Devices** tab, locate the device from which you want to restore the backup, and click the **Restore** button.
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Select the backup plan from which you want to restore the data.
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Choose the timestamp from which you want to restore the data, click **Restore**, and select the **file image** recovery option from the drop-down menu.
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Select the disk you want to restore and click **Restore selected**.
{% hint style="info" %}
To modify your selection later, click **Edit** next to the **Data to restore** section to return to the selection window.
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Next, select the image format from the available options: **RAW**, **VHD**, **VHDX**, or **VMDK**.
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Select the device where you want to restore data. To change it, click the **Edit** button next to the **Restore to** section.
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In the **Restore directory** section, specify the exact path to restore data.
{% hint style="warning" %}
Please note that the restored file image requires the same amount of storage space as the original disk.
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{% endstep %}
{% step %}
In the **Restore settings** section, configure the following options:
1. **Overwrite existing data:** overwrites existing files in the target restore directory.
2. **Reduce bandwidth to:** limits network bandwidth consumption during the restoration process.
3. **Reset drivers:** resets system drivers to defaults to ensure hardware compatibility during system restoration.
{% endstep %}
{% step %}
Double-check your configuration and click the **Restore** button to start the recovery process.
{% hint style="info" %}
You can monitor the restoration progress in the **Tasks** tab of **Xopero ONE Management Service**.
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{% endstep %}
{% endstepper %}
