How to avoid or reduce their impact?

Issue rate limits

If you have problems or want to change the limits for your organization, you can do so. Instructions on how to overcome the limits can be found on the official GitHub website. If your OAuth App needs to make unauthenticated calls with a higher rate limit, you can pass your app's client ID and secret before the endpoint route.

See more about increasing the unauthenticated rate limit for OAuth Apps

Resources in the REST API - GitHub DocsGitHub Docs